Notes explaining the structure of DNA, replication process of DNA, how mutations work in DNA, and the Polymerase chain reaction process

-DNA is a polymer of nucleotides -Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group -The sugar in DNA is a pentose sugar called deoxyribose -The different kinds of bases are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine -In DNA, there is a 1:1 ratio of nucleotide bases: number of adenine = number of thymine and number of guanine = number of cytosine -DNA consists of 2 strands in a shape called a double helix <…

…DNA for use in evidence of crimes -Gel electrophoresis (DNA fingerprinting) separates DNA on the basis of the rate of movement through a gel under the influence of an electric field <Tab/>-Restriction enzymes cut the DNA up into restriction fragments <Tab/>-Each band consists of DNA molecules/fragments of the same length <Tab/>-Used for paternity, crime scenes, or isolating certain genes