The Chemistry of Natural Water

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this experiment is to explore the hardness of the water on campus. Hard water has been a problem for hundreds of years. One of the earliest references to the hardness or softness of water is in Hippocrates discourse on water quality in Fifth century B.C. Hard water causes many problems in both in the household and in the industrial world. One of the largest problems with hard water is that …

…factor. Since I personally did not carry out that portion of the experiment, I cannot be sure. However, the other 3 samples provide more than ample ammounts of accurate information. Overall, it seems that the lab was quite well done. The hypothesis would have to be revised and as of this point, without further investigation, it would have to be reformulated to say that only the Ca++ would decrease in concentration whereas the Mg++ would increase.