"The Stranger" by Albert Camus.

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… general for his bizarre behaviors, the magistrate concludes that a man with such amoral, atheistic and odd convictions can't be let go on living because he's a menace to society. The verdict is death penalty for Meursault. A penalty not for killing, but for not accomplishing with society's values and expectations. For not crying in his mother's funeral, for not believing in god. For being a "stranger and outsider" of the common pre-established world.