Who is to blame for Neils death?

While there were many factors, which led to Neil's death Keating played a major role. He was Neil's inspiration and role model. It was predominantly Keating's actions that led to Neil's death. Keating held very Romantic ideals which clashed with the schools teachings and set the Dead Poet society members against the school and authority figures like Neil's father. Keating led Neil to believe he could have the support of his parents and an acting …

…and this led to many undesired results, like Neil dying and Charlie getting expelled. In another era, in another school his teachings may have fitted in, but Welton was not the place for a teacher like Keating, he was too against the grain. As with everything in life there is never any one person to blame and in DPS nothing is different, Neil's parents and friends also unknowingly helped steer Neil to his early death.